UCP 600 Article 28: Insurance Documents and Coverage
A plain-language guide to UCP 600 Article 28 on insurance documents under a Letter of Credit.
Reviewed by LCCheck team (owner-approved) · 2026-10-12
Short answer
UCP 600 Article 28 governs insurance documents. They must be issued and signed by an insurer, underwriter or their agent; cover notes are not accepted; an insurance policy is acceptable instead of a certificate; cover must be effective no later than shipment; it must be in the credit's currency; and, if not stated, the minimum is 110% of the CIF or CIP value.
| Rule | UCP 600 Art. 28 |
|---|---|
| Cover notes | Not accepted (28(c)) |
| Policy instead of certificate | Accepted (28(d)) |
| Minimum cover | 110% CIF/CIP if not stated (28(f)(ii)) |
Other points
- 28(f)(iii): cover from receipt/shipment point to discharge/destination as stated in the credit.
- 28(g): banks accept the document regardless of risks not covered, if the credit uses imprecise terms like 'usual risks'.
- 28(i): may contain reference to exclusion clauses.
- 28(j): may indicate a franchise or excess.
Sources
General guidance, not legal advice. Your bank examines documents independently.
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